Western Civ 2 Lesson 145

In what ways did revenge figure into the strategies of the countries fighting in World War II?

Hitler and his allies during the war were violent. They would attack other countries and it’s how revenge slowly and slowly started creeping into strategies.

One such example is how during the war, Russia and Germany had teamed up to invade Poland. Despite their alliance, Hitler had invaded Russia, and had conditioned his people into hating them as well. This ended in the death of 80,000 Soviets, and Stalin had begun attending conferences held between the Allied forces (United States, United Kingdom, and now Russia) seeking out revenge against Hitler?

Another example is the attack on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Japan had bombed the United States’s Pearl Harbor as a way to prevent their military fleets from interfering with planned activity in the UK. To the US, a neutral country at the time, it was an unplanned, unwarranted attack that cost the lives of its civilians. In 1945, 4 years after the initial attack on Pearl Harbor, the US had warned Japan to surrender. By this point, Hitler was dead and the countries of Germany and Italy were under complete control. Japan, for unknown reasons, had decided not to surrender when the other countries did, and their choice led to the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The first was Hiroshima; the US had launched an nuclear bomb over Hiroshima, and most who ended up dead were civilians. This wasn’t enough to warrant Japan’s surrender, so the US opted for launching a second nuclear bomb over Nagasaki. This kicked the door in, and Japan had finally surrendered to the Allies.

English 2 Lesson 95

Why were the Sadducees and the apostles unable to find a way to reconcile their rival opinions?

The Sadducees were a sect of jews that didn’t believe in Jesus or his power. They didn’t believe in his resurrection, and believed he was merely a fraud. Because of this, they thought of his death as completely justified. The apostles had been able to see Jesus’s power first hand, as witnesses to his miracles. Because they were able to see Jesus’s power, they believed in him with all their hearts.

The Sadducees fed into the Roman’s hatred of Jesus by doubting him and his powers, being indirectly responsible for killing him. Because of this, the Sadducees and the apostles were never able to see eye to eye, as the apostles saw it as them attacking god.

English 2 Lesson 91

According to Mark’s gospel, what was main issue dividing Jesus from the leaders of Israel?

There were several key issues that divided Jesus from Israel’s leaders, but the main one was deviation from tradition. Christ taught a more personal religion, one that people with problems flocked to. The religion the leaders taught was more of a blind obedience and ritualistic type that was mostly used for control. Because people flocked to Jesus, especially with word of his deeds spreading throughout Israel, leaders would lose their power over the people, and they didn’t seem to be too fond of that.

Another example of Christ’s deviation was him not obeying their laws and rules. Israel’s rulers were very strict on following the rules, punishing people who didn’t follow every letter of the law. Jesus said to obey God’s law and law’s spirit over every individual letter. Since Jesus was much more forgiving and caring, people turned over to him. Israel’s leaders responded by accusing Jesus of blasphemy, and eventually plotting his death.

English 2 Lesson 40

What was Hesiod’s view of the mankind’s past and future?

Hesiod believed that it all started with a race named the gold race. This race was the very definition of perfection. They were a peaceful and prosperous people, and they worshipped the gods. The gold race eventually died out, and following them was the silver race. They were a more childish-like people, and refused to worship the gods, earning them a very negative relationship with them. This led to the gods destroying them and sending their spirits into the underworld.

Thus came the next race, being the bronze race. They were barbaric warriors, who eventually became their own downfall as they all eventually killed each other. The next race were the demi-gods, which were half human and half god. As with the bronze race, they were known for killing each other, but the gods saved some of them and moved them to the Blessed Islands. The final race was the iron race, to which Hesiod spoke of with much disdain. They are an evil people who never worshipped, and were unjust and corrupt. One might be able to figure out that the ‘iron race’ is the human race.

Hesiod looked down upon humans; he believed that we were all damned and evil. He wrote of humanity as the iron race, and he made sure to express his disdain to his own species.

Western Civ 2 Lesson 40

>What were the key ideas of mercantilism?

The base idea of mercantilism was to make a country wealthier by profiting off of exports whilst withholding imports. This economic practice managed to attract god and silver, and succeeded with making a country wealthy. However, with this came excessive taxation of the citizens, inflation, and slavery.

>What were the causes and outcomes of the wars involving France in the latter half of the seventeenth century?

The initial cause was Louis XIV’s defeat, which led to France becoming poor, and being viewed as one of Europe’s weakest countries.

>What was at stake in the War of the Spanish Succession?

The entirety of the Spanish Empire, which included its army, France, and parts of Italy.

English 2 Lesson 35

What are the main differences between Genesis 1 and Theogony?

Genesis 1 is the first book of the Bible that describes both the creation of our universe, and the Christian religion. It states that there is one God that created all, and that He has always existed, even before our creation.

Theogony is a poem written by the Greek poet Hesiod. It say that there are multiple gods, and it introduces the muses, 9 Greek goddesses, which were stated to be the source of all knowledge. It also introduces Zeus, the god of thunder, who is the most powerful god in Greek mythology. Hesiod states that, unlike the Christian god, the Greek gods came after Earth was created.

The key differences are that, one is a book and one is a poem; one presents one God while the other presents multiple, and that the Christian God has existed for all, while the Greek Gods have only existed since Earth’s creation.

Western Civ 2 Lesson 35

>What were Cardinal Richelieu’s primary aims?

Cardinal Richelieu’s main goals was to centralize power in France, and to oppose the Habsburg Dynasty, which was the dynasty of power in the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

>What factors contributed to the decline of Spain?

One of the factors that contributed was just the amount of rebellions and revolts that were rising. To no one’s surprise, religious conflicts also contributed to its fall. The rebellion that essentially finished off Spain was the Catalan Revolt, which was started after the current ruler, Gaspar de Guzman, proposed the Union of Arms.

English 2 Lesson 30

What is the view of the biblical materials on the role of ethics in the development of history?

Ethics and sanctions, are one of the most important lessons in all biblical materials. The Bible teaches us about God’s law, and it is important in the way it teaches about what is against God’s law. Due to its influence, it has created a moral guideline for all to follow, even if you have never personally read the Bible. Many of the laws that man has created are based in the Bible. Theft and murder are looked down upon in the Bible, and thus we look down upon criminals. Similarly, the way God punishes offenders is similar to how we now punish modern criminals.

Western Civ Lesson 30

>What was English life like under Oliver Cromwell?

Oliver Cromwell was a member of the parliament who wanted to create something called a ‘new model army’. He started multiple invasions, some being the invasion of Ireland which took place through 1649 to 1652, and the invasion of Scotland 1650. Life under his rule was very strict, and he left a negative impression on the English people. Were people to indulge in meaningless pleasures, such as visiting a theater or celebrate a holiday, they would be persecuted. Thus, the English people were not fond of his rule.

>What was the Glorious Revolution? Why is it significant in English history?

The Glorious Revolution was yet another revolution started due to conflicts between Catholics and Protestants. Precisely, it was due to King James II attempting to convert England back to full Catholicism. The primary reason it is remembered is because of its death toll of merely 15 deaths, a very few amount compared to other revolutions.

>On what grounds does Locke believe people can establish a claim to property ownership over a previously unowned good?

John Locke believed that self ownership grants the right to private property. He believed that, essentially, if you mixed your labor in, such as modifying and working for the land, you technically own it.

English 2 Lesson 25

Discuss the relationship between ethics and sanctions in Proverbs 1-7.

The purpose the Proverbs serve is to act as a guide for King Solomon’s son. They were to teach him the right and wrongs, and act as a guide down the right path.

In the first chapter of the Proverbs, King Solomon writes how to tell good from evil. He uses the example of thievery and murder, and states that God will punish these people. The purpose was to be used as a guideline, and to teach his son that all evil comes back around. The second chapter of Proverbs teaches that the key to true power is wisdom and knowledge, not wealth. Solomon teaches that with wisdom, you can see the motives of all, and that you will able to weed out the evil from the good.

Through the third and sixth chapter, Solomon teaches his son the utter importance of never letting his wisdom go. Solomon stresses never losing your wisdom, as bad comes to those who are wicked. Solomon also teaches to be motivated and working, as it is the unmotivated that land in poverty. Staying motivated and working will bring more wisdom and knowledge to his son.

He teaches that adultery is a crime that will ruin your life, and you should never commit it. Prostitution and adultery are things that you should avoid and never devote any part of your life to. For the rest of Proverbs I will cover (1-7), Solomon sets several warnings regarding signing contracts with people you don’t know, seductive women, and losing your wisdom. This was all written with the intent of keeping his son in the right path, and to never go off the path of God.